THE FULFILLMENT OF ECONOMIC RIGHTS IN SPOTIFY
A SCOPING COMPARATIVE REVIEW BETWEEN THE UNITED STATES AND INDONESIA
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.54934/ijlcw.v4i1.124Keywords:
economic rights, Royalties, Licensing, Spotify, comparative review, derechos económicos, licencias, análisis comparativo, 经济权利, 许可, 比较研究Abstract
People no longer enjoy music through CDs, VCDs, and the like. People prefer to enjoy music through digital streaming platforms such as Spotify, making it easy for them to enjoy all the songs available, anytime and anywhere. However, this technological advancement does not necessarily protect creators’ and copyright holders’ rights to royalties. Therefore, the law must evolve to protect creators and copyright holders. In researching this matter, the authors compare the economic rights of creators and copyright holders in America and Indonesia through royalties and entities that manage royalties. The authors found that though music is protected under copyrights in both countries. Indonesia has a National Collective Management Institute, and America has a Mechanical Licensing Collective to collect royalties. However, the National Institute of Collective Management is not legally authorized to collect royalties from streaming platforms, and regulations in Indonesia do not determine limits for calculating the amount of royalties that creators and copyright holders can obtain. Thus, the Indonesian government must create new derivative regulations to ensure that every creator and copyright holder receives legal protection to enjoy their economic rights fully.
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EL CUMPLIMIENTO DE LOS DERECHOS ECONÓMICOS EN SPOTIFY: UN ANÁLISIS COMPARATIVO DE ALCANCE ENTRE ESTADOS UNIDOS E INDONESIA
La gente ya no disfruta de la música a través de CD, VCD y similares. Prefieren disfrutar de la música a través de plataformas de streaming digital como Spotify, lo que les facilita disfrutar de todas las canciones disponibles, en cualquier momento y lugar. Sin embargo, este avance tecnológico no protege necesariamente los derechos de regalías de los creadores y titulares de derechos de autor. Por lo tanto, la legislación debe evolucionar para proteger a los creadores y titulares de derechos de autor. Al investigar este asunto, los autores comparan los derechos económicos de los creadores y titulares de derechos de autor en Estados Unidos e Indonesia a través de las regalías y las entidades que las gestionan. Los autores concluyeron que, si bien la música está protegida por derechos de autor en ambos países, Indonesia cuenta con un Instituto Nacional de Gestión Colectiva, mientras que Estados Unidos cuenta con un Colectivo de Licencias Mecánicas para recaudar regalías. Sin embargo, el Instituto Nacional de Gestión Colectiva no está legalmente autorizado para recaudar regalías de las plataformas de streaming, y la normativa indonesia no establece límites para el cálculo de las regalías que pueden obtener los creadores y titulares de derechos de autor. Por lo tanto, el gobierno indonesio debe crear nuevas regulaciones derivadas para garantizar que todos los creadores y titulares de derechos de autor reciban protección legal para disfrutar plenamente de sus derechos económicos.
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Spotify 中的经济权利实现:美国与印度尼西亚范围比较研究
人们不再通过 CD、VCD 等设备欣赏音乐。人们更喜欢通过 Spotify 等数字流媒体平台欣赏音乐,这样他们就可以随时随地轻松欣赏所有歌曲。然而,这项技术进步并不一定能保护创作者和版权持有者的版税权利。因此,法律必须不断发展以保护创作者和版权持有者。在研究中,作者通过版税和管理版税的实体比较了美国和印度尼西亚创作者和版权持有者的经济权利。作者发现,尽管两国的音乐都受到版权保护,但印度尼西亚设有国家集体管理机构,而美国设有机械许可集体来收取版税。然而,国家集体管理机构无权向流媒体平台收取版税,而且印尼的法规并未明确计算创作者和版权持有者可获得的版税金额。因此,印尼政府必须制定新的衍生法规,以确保每一位创作者和版权持有者都能获得法律保护,充分享有其经济权利。
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