SMART CONTRACTS UNDER THE EGYPTIAN CIVIL LAW

STRUCTURE AND TERMINATION

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.54934/ijlcw.v4i2.156

Keywords:

smart contracts, Egyptian Civil Law, blockchain, digital contractual means, contrato inteligente, Derecho Civil egipcio, medios contractuales digitales, 智能合约, 埃及民法, 区块链, 数字合约手段, self-destructive smart contracts (selfdestruct), contratos inteligentes autodestructivos (selfdestruct)

Abstract

The prevalence of digital technologies in contemporary human interactions has elevated the role of digital means in contractual relations among society members, prompting renewed attention to smart contracts as automated, code-based legal instruments. This study examines the nature, structure, and operational mechanisms of smart contracts, comparing them to traditional contract theory under the Egyptian Civil Code (Law No. 131/1948). Smart contracts create binding obligations through software-based processes that rely on encryption, offering efficiency but also posing technical and doctrinal challenges. The paper investigates whether the Egyptian legal framework can adequately address issues such as consent, validity, termination, and dispute resolution in digital contracts. By analyzing smart-contract characteristics through the lens of Egyptian civil-law principles, the study seeks to clarify how existing doctrines may be adapted to accommodate emerging technologies. It ultimately proposes a jurisprudential foundation for integrating smart contracts into Egyptian law, ensuring legal certainty and coherence with established contractual norms.

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CONTRATOS INTELIGENTES BAJO EL DERECHO CIVIL EGIPCIO: ESTRUCTURA Y TERMINACIÓN

La prevalencia de las tecnologías digitales en las interacciones humanas contemporáneas ha elevado el papel de los medios digitales en las relaciones contractuales entre los miembros de la sociedad, impulsando una renovada atención a los contratos inteligentes como instrumentos legales automatizados basados ​​en código. Este estudio examina la naturaleza, la estructura y los mecanismos operativos de los contratos inteligentes, comparándolos con la teoría contractual tradicional del Código Civil egipcio (Ley n.º 131/1948). Los contratos inteligentes crean obligaciones vinculantes mediante procesos basados ​​en software que se basan en el cifrado, lo que ofrece eficiencia, pero también plantea desafíos técnicos y doctrinales. El documento investiga si el marco legal egipcio puede abordar adecuadamente cuestiones como el consentimiento, la validez, la rescisión y la resolución de disputas en los contratos digitales. Al analizar las características de los contratos inteligentes a través de los principios del derecho civil egipcio, el estudio busca aclarar cómo las doctrinas existentes pueden adaptarse para dar cabida a las tecnologías emergentes. En última instancia, propone una base jurisprudencial para la integración de los contratos inteligentes en el derecho egipcio, garantizando la seguridad jurídica y la coherencia con las normas contractuales establecidas.

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埃及民法下的智能合约:结构与终止

数字技术在当代人际互动中的普及提升了数字手段在社会成员间契约关系中的作用,促使人们重新关注智能合约这种自动化、基于代码的法律工具。本研究考察了智能合约的性质、结构和运行机制,并将其与埃及民法典(1948年第131号法律)下的传统合同理论进行比较。智能合约通过基于软件的加密流程产生具有约束力的义务,这在提高效率的同时,也带来了技术和法理上的挑战。本文探讨了埃及法律框架是否能够充分解决数字合约中的同意、有效性、终止和争议解决等问题。通过运用埃及民法原则分析智能合约的特征,本研究旨在阐明如何调整现有法律原则以适应新兴技术。最终,本研究提出了将智能合约纳入埃及法律的法理基础,以确保法律确定性并与既定的合同规范保持一致。

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Published

2025-12-30

How to Cite

Ibrahim Abdel Nabi, M. ., & Abdalla Abdelkarim, Y. (2025). SMART CONTRACTS UNDER THE EGYPTIAN CIVIL LAW : STRUCTURE AND TERMINATION. International Journal of Law in Changing World, 4(2), 20–37. https://doi.org/10.54934/ijlcw.v4i2.156